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Cardiac catheterization (angiogram) is a diagnostic tool used to definitively diagnose the extent of blockages in the coronary arteries and to determine whether or not surgery is needed. A long, thin tube, called catheter, is inserted into a blood vessel in the groin and threaded into the coronary arteries. Dye is injected through the catheter and x-rays of the vessels are then taken. As the dye moves through the heart, the doctor can see any problems with blood flow in the coronary arteries such as hardening of the arteries, regurgitation or valve malfunction. Other cardiac procedures are: Coronary Artery Stents or Coronary Angioplasty
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